The William Blue Ding Restaurant Case Study Analysis and Suggestions for Further Improvements

The Promotional Portfolio: Developing New Efficient Tools When it comes to establishing a new business, running a restaurant presupposes quite the same complexities and opportunities as any other kind of entrepreneurship (Garvey, Dismore Dismore, 2011). In the case study in question, the restaurant entitled William Blue Dining is being depicted and the various ways of improving its state of affairs are being considered. With the help of a range of adequate ideas, the company can actually become a great success.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The William Blue Ding Restaurant: Case Study Analysis and Suggestions for Further Improvements specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Promotional offer: choosing the right words To start with, the promotional offer has to be introduced. According to Smith Schulz, promotional offer is a range of services and/or goods that are going to be introduced into the target market and pro moted to the public (Smith Schulz, 2004). Hence, in the context of the restaurant services, the specific cuisine has to be promoted efficiently. According to the report in question, the major asset of the William Blue Dining is the fact that every single bit of food there is â€Å"live†, i.e., is cooked immediately after the client orders a dish. Hence, the promotion must be focused on offering â€Å"live† cuisine. As a matter of fact, the phrase â€Å"live cuisine from all over the world† can actually serve as a motto for the restaurant. Advertisement: let the world know about the restaurant As for the press release, it will be aimed at making the restaurant known even better by the people from all the continents where the William Blue Dining affiliates are located. With the help of an elaborate advertisement strategy, one can possibly attract even more clients to the restaurant. Hence, the objective of the advertising campaign is to make the world talk about William Blue Dining. As for the advertising strategy, it will be quite suitable to create a memorable TV and online commercial that will not be annoying, but make people pay attention to what William Blue Dining has to offer. Press release: concerning the technical issues The suppose press release will be aimed at making the restaurant popularity even bigger. In addition, with the help of a press release, William Blue Dining will cement its position not only among the general public, but also among people of greater influence and among press. Since the percentage of the North Sydney business public among the visitors of the restaurant makes around 25%, it can be considered that businessmen of higher rank can visit the restaurant and, thus, raise the restaurant revenues. With the help of the interviews of the latter, success is guaranteed.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More A T welve-Month Promotion Plan: A Careful Strategy to Follow However, every single business venture needs a plan. Without an outline the steps that need to be taken to promote the given enterprise among the rest of the people and make them spread the word about the delicious dishes served in the restaurant, William Blue Dining might be not quite successful as expected. According to Luther (2011), a good promotion plan is supposed to incorporate the information about the possible losses and the expected profit, providing the conclusion about the reasonability of the promotion actions. With the help of such a plan, one can decide how to make William Blue Dining a well-known restaurant. The forms of promotion: identifying the methods It is necessary to mention that William Blue Dining is going to use online and TV promotion, as well as advertisements in newspapers to make more people learn about the suggested services. However, apart from the traditional means of advertisements, personal s elling will also be used. The above-mentioned presupposes that William Blue Dining will employ the people who are going to offer passers-by coupons or leaflets about the restaurant, the dishes, the cuisine, the specifics, etc. Since personal promotion will help demonstrate certain details concerning the services (Lamb, Hair, McDaniel, 2011, p. 552), people will be able to learn even more about the restaurant’s special offers. Indicating the budget: a good use of money Since most of the restaurants offer dishes for $8 average, it can be suggested that the advertisement campaign should not cost more than the restaurants gross annually. Of course, on the one hand, a good advertising campaign can save the day and be repaid in several months or even weeks; on the other hand, though, the risks are quite high, and, since the entire chain of restaurants is at stake, it is necessary to use the resources wisely. Therefore, 20% of the annual revenues can be spent on the campaign. The ra tionale for time, data and medium Since most of the visitors are businessmen, students and elderly people, it can be suggested that the time for advertisements should be early in the morning, when elderly people are already awake, businessmen to work and students go to their colleges, universities or institutes; in the evening, when the elderly people, students and businessmen are at home; and (for the public promotion) around 1 – 2 p.m., when students and businessmen have some time to spare. As for the data when the promotion starts, it can be suggested that in some three weeks everything is going to be ready for the start. Finally, speaking of the medium, TV, Internet and public advertisement will be most suitable.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The William Blue Ding Restaurant: Case Study Analysis and Suggestions for Further Improvements specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The marketing promotion strate gy: summary The promotion strategy is aimed at capturing the target customers and impressing them. Customer Feedback Analysis: Learning to Listen Carefully It is important to keep in mind that the restaurant services will also have to take the clients’ ideas concerning improvements into account. Concerning the objective: the required information The clients’ opinion about the service and its possible improvement will be demanded. An applicable format: questionnaires and surveys For the feedback collection, surveys and questionnaires, as well as multiple-choice questions (e.g., â€Å"How do you rank the services? – a) excellent; b) O.K.; c) could have been better; d) awful†) and feedback cards (Restaurateur, 2010, p. 287) are going to be used.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Feedback forms and their use: comfortable and efficient The feedback forms are going to be printed in A6 size, written in 14pt. or larger font and written on blank white paper. Information processing: what customers need Once the necessary information is gathered, it is going to be distributed into several groups, namely, the complaints concerning the service quality, the recommendations about the probable improvements and the positive feedback. Thereafter, the positive aspects of the restaurant’s work are going to be perfected, while the negative elements are going to be either improved or eliminated. With the help of the given approach, William Blue Dining is going to become a huge success. Reference List Garvey, M, Dismore, H, Dismore, A D, 2011, Running a restaurant for dummies, John Wiey Sons, New York, NY. Lamb, C W, Hair, J F Jr., McDaniel, C D, 2011, Essentials of marketing, Cengage Learning, Stamford, CN. Luther, W M, The marketing plan:  how to prepare and imple ment it, AMACOM, New York, NY. Restaurateur, D R, 2010, Everything guide to starting and running a restaurant:  secrets to a successful business!, Adams Media, Avon, MA. Smith, S Schulz, D E, 2004, How to sell more stuff:  promotional marketing that really works, Kaplan Publishing Company, Chicago, IL. This report on The William Blue Ding Restaurant: Case Study Analysis and Suggestions for Further Improvements was written and submitted by user Lee Perry to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Lithuania Eu Cultural Policy Area Essays

Lithuania Eu Cultural Policy Area Essays Lithuania Eu Cultural Policy Area Essay Lithuania Eu Cultural Policy Area Essay Lithuanian Cultural Policy and the European Union The cultural policy has been adopted by the European Union during the 1990s with the aim of creating a European identity which would bring the people of Europe closer and which would lead them to identify themselves as â€Å"Europeans†. On the other hand, the cultural policy adopted by the Union remained supplementary in its character as the member states did not want to lose their sovereignties, especially on such an issue that underlines the national identities, (Sassatelli, 436) As a result, the European cultural policy became one that respects and tries to protect the national cultures of the member states on the one hand, while it tries to create a European culture and identity on the other. In other words, the main aim of the European cultural policy is to create unity in diversity. Sassatelli, 30) Although it is supplementary in character and although the Union is not the decision maker in the cultural matters, the member states are expected to follow the cultural policy of the Union which suggests them to protect their national heritage, cooperate with other member states in cultural matters, to promote an inclusive national culture, to adopt a democratic, open and competitive national cultural policy. Lithu ania, which became a member of the European Union in 2004, had a different cultural policy understanding than the Union and its member states as it was a Communist country. With the end of Communism and with the aim of becoming a member of the European Union, Lithuania has changed its cultural policy and shaped the new policy according to the idea of cultural policy adopted by the Union; a competitive, inclusionary, and based on cooperation. European Union Cultural Policy The first steps towards the establishment of a cultural policy in the European Union were taken during the late 1970s, when the European Union was European Community. In the 1973 with the wave of enlargement and with the economic crisis the Community faced, the member states signed a Declaration of the European Identity. With the Declaration they stated that the member states of the Community share common attitudes and their aim is to build a society which gives priority to the individuals. (Bozoki, 2) The low turn out in the first direct elections for the European parliament made the Community to realize that there was a need to take measures for unification of peoples of Europe as it became obvious that economic integration alone would not lead to such thing. In 1984, the European Council set up a Committee for a People’s Europe. The main aim of the Committee was to take necessary measures to strengthen the European identity. The Committee produced two reports in both of which it was suggested to increase cooperation between the member states in the area of culture, information, and communication. The reports also argued for the development of cultural projects in the form of cultural exchanges, town twining schemes, and youth programs (Bozoki 3). However, the reports were away from proposing a common cultural policy. Another attempt to create a European cultural policy came in the mid 1980s when the Community was preparing itself to the Single European Act, which created the internal market. In 1985, the Delors Commission started to implement the proposals of the Committee for a People’s Europe. During the time the blue flag with twelve stars were adopted as the official flag of the Community. European passports, driving licenses were introduced together with the European postage stamps. (Bozoki, 3) The European Cultural Area was created with the aim of promoting educational exchanges, translation of literary works, and town twining schemes. Another program that was adopted during the time was the Cultural Capitals of Europe. The European Union has legalized its cultural policy with the Treaty of Maastricht, the treaty establishing the European Union, for the first time in 1991. The 151. Article of the treaty states â€Å"The Community shall contribute to the flowering of the cultures of the Member States, while respecting their national and regional diversity and at the same time bringing the common cultural heritage to the fore†. Bozoki, 4) The article on the Cultural Policy further suggests that â€Å"Cultural policy is governed by the principle of subsidiarity, with Community action is to be taken only if the objective cannot be achieved sufficiently by member states alone. Thus EU-level cultural policy is limited to encouraging cooperation between member states, and, if necessary supporting and supplementing their action†. (Bozoki, 4) According to the article the Union should take into consideration cu ltural compatibility when it implements cultural policies. The European Cultural Policy had three aims. The first one of these was to improve the knowledge of the culture and history of the Europe and its people. The second aim was to conserve the European cultural heritage and the last aim was to support the cultural exchange and artistic creation. In order to achieve these aims three cultural programs have been implemented by the Union between 1996 and 1999. The first one of these programs was â€Å"Kaleidoscope†. The aim of the program was to encourage artistic creation and promote cultural awareness among the peoples of Europe in the areas of creative arts, performing arts, and applied arts by means of exchange and cultural cooperation. Kouveliotis, 5) The second program was â€Å"Ariane†. It aimed to promote knowledge of European literary works through the means of translation. The objective of the program was to create awareness in the member states regarding the current literary art together with the current drama. (Kouveliotis, 6) The third program that implemente d in the 1997- 2000 period was â€Å"Raphael†. The aim of the program was to encourage cooperation among the member countries of the Union in the area of cultural heritage. Kouveliotis, 8) The program aimed to bring the common cultural to the fore while respecting the national diversities. The European Capital of Culture was another program that adopted by the European Union. The main objective of the program was to highlight the diversity and richness of European cultures and to promote greater mutual acquaintance between European citizens. (Kouveliotis, 10) Under the program starting from 2005, each year a city would be chosen as the European capital of culture. The objectives of the program were to highlight the artistic movements and styles shared by Europeans, to promote events involving people active in culture from other cities in the member states of the Union, to ensure mobilization and participation of large sections of population, to encourage reception of citizens of the European Union and to reach as wide an audience as possible by employing multimedia and multilingual approach, to promote dialogue between European cultures and other cultures in the world, to exploit the historic heritage, urban architecture, and quality of the city. Kouveliotis, 10) In the year 2000, the Union adopted Culture 2000 program under which all the three programs were merged. The Culture 2000 program aims to promote creativity and disseminate culture through support Europe wide cooperation between cultural organizations, institutions within and outside of the Union (Kouveliotis, 12). Under the program three types of activities were defined to be support ed. These are innovative activities, experimental actions of multiannual cultural cooperation, and cultural events with European dimension. Kouveliotis, 12) In 2007, Culture 2007 program was implemented by the Union for the period of 2007- 2013. (Dewey, 99) The main aim of the program is to focus on the mobility of artists and art works in order to enhance cultural cooperation in the Union. Lithuanian Cultural Policy Lithuania is one of the countries that faced transition from Communism to liberal democracy. Like all other policies the cultural policy of the country was also affected by that change in the regime. During the Soviet period the cultural policy of the country were under the control of the Communist Party (Council of Europel/ERICarts 2). In other words, the cultural policy of the country was under an ideological influence and control. The Soviet cultural policy and its administration were under the lines of strict command of the party. The cultural events and institutions were used by the party to legitimize Communism. The privileges were offered to the artists. In this way the artists were attracted to the ruling circles and they were prevented to produce artifacts criticizing the regime (Council of Europel/ERICarts 2). As a result of such policy implementation, democratic forms of cultural self government cannot be established in Lithuania. Lithuania was one of the post-Soviet era East European countries that applied European Union for full membership. Like all other candidate countries, Lithuania had to take the necessary steps in order to fulfill the criteria defined by the Union in order to become a member of the Union. The Maastrich criteria, which Lithuania was expected to fulfill, consist of three criterions. The first one of these is the political according to which every candidate country should adopt rule of law, respect minority rights, and stable democratic institutions. Varbanova, 54) The second criterion is the economic one. Under this criterion a candidate country should adopt a well functioning market economy and should be able to compete in the European market. (Varbanova, 54) The third criterion is the adoption of â€Å"acquis communautaire† and the last criterion is to have the capacity to fulfill the membership obligations. As far as the cultural policy during the accession process is concerned , the candidate countries are required to complete a questionnaire on the economic and public sectors which includes ulture and audio visual policy. (Varbanova, 54) The questionnaire includes legislation for protecting cultural heritage, legislation in the field of broadcasting, the national system for the support of artistic activities, professional training, and arts education. (Varbanova, 54) In this respect, Lithuania benefited from the European financial support schemes provided to candidate countries under the Culture Program, Structural Funds, and European initiatives to advance cultural cooperation. With the end of the Communist regime in 1989, a new era in the Lithuanian politics has started. The country turned its face to Europe and started to implement the necessary measures to be a liberal democracy. This process also affected the Lithuanian cultural policy. In the year of 1991, the Lithuanian government has adopted a new program called â€Å"Market†, Democracy Freedom which set a new direction of the Lithuanian cultural policy as the program included a specific objective which was the development of a â€Å"Lithuanian Cultural Model†. Dufton, 15) This new cultural model aimed to bring freedom of expression, democratic process and an arms length approach, according to which the policy making and policy implementation in the area of culture would be separated from each other. In other words, the new program brought decentralization to the Lithuanian cultural policy. On the other hand, throughout the 1990s the decisions taken regarding the cultural policy in Lith uania cannot be taken appropriately due to the some problems faced by the country. The first problem the country faced regarding the cultural policy was the lack of money as a result of which the projects could not be implemented. The second problem was the lack of local government tradition. The third problem was the exclusion of some sectors of the population from cultural activities and the fourth problem was the contradictions in the legislation. (Dufton, 18) The cultural activities which were financed by the central and local government generally were spent on the existing cultural institutions such as theaters, cinemas, libraries etc. As the number of the audiences and the performances decreased the burden of financing the cultural activities started to rest with the government. (Dufton, 19) The decision making process regarding the cultural policy was at the hands of the high executives. As a result, most of the important channels were cut off from the process, leading to disintegration in cultural services. (Dufton, 19) As the problems in the above mentioned areas continued to exist, Lithuania passed a law, Law on the Amendment of the Law on Local Self-Government, for the decentralization of the cultural policy making and implementation. The law provided the local governments the legal and administrative capacities to implement cultural policy according to the needs of their communities. Another development in the decentralization of cultural policy came in 2002, when the Lithuanian government adopted the Cultural Development Program of the Regions, with the aim to form the administrative, financial, legal and information basis for the development of regional culture (Council of Europel/ERICarts 10). In 2002, Lithuania adopted a document called â€Å"State’s Long Term Development Strategy† defining the aims of the Lithuanian cultural policy as â€Å"to preserve and promote common European cultural values and national identity, to warrant its prolongation, openness and competitiveness in contemporary Lithuanian, European and the World cultural context†. (Council of Europel/ERICarts, 11) Furthermore, the new cultural policy aimed to guarantee participation in culture life of the Lithuanian society and consumption of culture. The cultural identity of the Lithuanian culture was defined as the use of national language, state protection of the ethnic culture, national heritage, and support national minorities living in Lithuania. (Council of Europel/ERICarts, 12) Moreover, the cultural policy aimed to improve the administrative system on national heritage protection, expand the democracy in cultural life, to set the basic principles for state’s support to art and artists, to stimulate regional cultural development and cooperation of tourism and cultural institutions, and to develop the information society and access to culture. Council of Europel/ERICarts, 12) In this respect it can rightly be argued that the cultural policy adopted by Lithuania was in line with the cultural policy objectives of the Union. It aimed to promote European values as a part of the Lithuanian culture, to promote cooperation with other states regarding the cultural programs, to increase the participation of the Lithuanian soc iety in cultural programs and to promote the Lithuanian culture in such a way that all the different elements of the Lithuanian society would be reflected. Current Issues in Lithuanian Cultural Policy National minorities and their place in the Lithuanian cultural policy are some of the current issues in the Lithuanian cultural policy. Lithuania has been one of the first Central and Eastern European counties which passed the Law on National Minorities. (Council of Europel/ERICarts, 13) Under this law the national minorities have the right to receive state support for fostering of their national culture. They have access to information and press in their native language and to establish cultural and educational organizations. Furthermore, the national minorities are given the right to organize cultural events in their native languages. Moreover, the minorities have the right to publish books and newspapers in their own languages. In addition to this, according of the Law of Education the educational institution should provide information on ethnic cultures into their curricula. (Council of Europel/ERICarts, 13) In 2004 the Lithuanian government passed the Program of Integration of National Minorities into Society for the years 2005-2010 with the objectives of integrating national minorities into Lithuanian cultural life, preservation of ethnic identities of minorities, and development of coherent relationships with the minorities. Council of Europel/ERICarts, 14). The state and the municipalities provide financial support for the cultural organizations and events of the national minorities. As it is mentioned above another main objective of the Lithuanian Cultural Policy is to promote openness of the Lithuanian national culture through promoting Lithuanian culture abroad and to familiarize the local population with the culture of other nations. The regions where the national minorities lived as majorities have adopted special cultural programs and education programs. Council of Europel/ERICarts, 14) In addition to integrate the national minorities into the culture of Lithuania, these programs also aim to bring regional economic development to these areas. As it is mentioned above, one of the aims of the Lithuanian cultural policy is to bring equal access to the culture to everyone in the culture life of the country. The programs adopted by the government such as The Regional Culture Development Program and the Support to Young Artists Program brought measures to increase the participation to regional cultural events and to integrate the young artists into the cultural market. Council of Europel/ERICarts, 14) Although the state remained as the main supported of the above mentioned cultural programs, the private sector started to emerge as an important supporter and initiator of cultural events in Lithuania. Private sector in cooperation with NGOs implemented many social cohesion acts such as the Open Air Museum of the Centre of Europe, which also was included into the Culture 2000 Project of the Union. (Council of Europel/ERICarts, 14) Artistic Parks in Nature: the Bridge for Teaching Contemporary Art in Schools was a project developed by the private sector and NGOs. It involved young people and professional artists from different countries. The project, Uzupio Respublika has been one of the important projects developed under the Lithuanian cultural policy. (Council of Europel/ERICarts, 14). It was started by a group of young artists in 1990s. It became an important place for the cultural organizations such as festivals. Publications of books and film productions also have taken their places in the Lithuanian Cultural Policy. Translation of foreign books into Lithuanian language has become one of the priorities according to the cultural policy of the country. As far as the film production is concerned, the state plays an important role in the financial support. After the accession to the European Union the film producers started to cooperate with companies from other countries. The cultural heritage and its protection is one of the important areas under the Lithuanian cultural policy. In 1994 with a law passed by the government, the Law on the Basic National Security of Lithuania, cultural heritage became a national security object. (Council of Europel/ERICarts, 17- 18) During the last years the government has taken several steps in the area. Training programs for the protection of national heritage were implemented with the fund provided by World Heritage Fund. The protection of the heritage was also decentralized as the local authorities were given more funds for the protection of heritage. However, the insufficient funding remains as an important problem in the protection of heritage. Conclusion Lithuania has adapted its cultural policy according to the cultural policy aims of the European Union. The country has taken the necessary measures to protect its national culture, including the culture of the national minorities. It has developed and implemented programs in order to familiarize its society with the different cultural elements that existed within Lithuania. The country also developed cultural programs to promote the Lithuanian culture abroad and cooperated with other countries in this regard. Moreover, the country has also promoted the idea of protection of national heritage and has taken the necessary steps, despite some financial problems the policy regarding heritage works well. In 2009 Lithuania involved in the European Capital of Culture Project with Vilnius. In this regard, it can rightly be stated that the Lithuanian cultural policy has affected by the ideas promoted by the European cultural policy in the sense that Lithuania promoted a democratic national cultural policy, embracing the European identity and promoting the Lithuanian one. As far as the other side of the coin, the European cultural policy is concerned, it can be suggested that the Union’s cultural policy is not affected by the Lithuanian cultural policy. But as it is the case with other member states, Lithuanian cultural policy contributes to the development of the European culture and identity. With the adopted projects Lithuanian culture is known in other member states of the European Union and the European identity gains another component; Lithuanian. In other words, the programs promoted by the Union which are adopted and implemented by Lithuania enrich the European culture and identity. Bibliography Bozoki, Andras. Cultural Policy and Politics at European Union. Retrieved 01. 05. 2009, from â€Å"137. 204. 115. 130/activities/download/Bozoki/Cultural%20Policy%20and%20Politics%20in%20the%20Eu † Council of Europe/ERICarts: Compendium of Cultural Policies and Trends in Europe. 10th edition 2008. ttp://www. culturalpolicies. net/web/index. php Dewey, Patricia (Summer 2008) â€Å"Transnational Cultural Policymaking in the European Union. † The Journal of Arts Management, Law, and Society. vol 38. 2 (Summer 2008): 99- 118. EBSCO. Suna Kirac Lib. Koc U. http://0web. ebscohost. com. libunix. ku. edu. tr. Dufton, Bill. (1998) â€Å"Cultural Policy in Lithuanina. † Council of Europe. Cultural Development Policies in Member States. Retrieved 02. 05. 2009, coe. int/t/dg4/cultureheritage/Source/Policies/Reviews/CC-CULT(97)24B_EN. pdf Kouveliotis, Kyriakos. â€Å"The Impact of EU’s Cultural

Research Methods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 4

Research Methods - Essay Example e of the best methods should be made with special seriousness otherwise incorrect and irrelevant research techniques may bring the study to invalid and erroneous findings (Freeman, Robinson & Woodley 2004). In its widest meaning, the word â€Å"method† can be interpreted as a way to something and represents more an artificial than existed in nature the system of rules and operations (Kothari 2006). Basically, research methods are implemented to gather the full data base with the help of which a researcher is able to make appropriate conclusions and elaborate further recommendations on how to benefit from favorable consequences or eliminate the negative influence. According to Walliman (2011, p. 7), research methods are all â€Å"about advancing the frontiers of knowledge†. The usage of various research methods for one study increases the accuracy of the findings and helps to view the problem from the different aspects. The bright example of research combination is the study of Luthans and Sommer, who based their results on both qualitative and quantitative methods. The article emphasizes how seriously the market conditions have been changed compared to previous periods of production relationships. Hence, the favorable results of each company’s performance are influenced by management’s policy aimed at the improvement of product characteristics, raise of product quality, decrease of total costs, increase of productivity and superiority over competitors (Luthans & Sommer 2005). It is important to persuade the target consumers that offered brand is better than the rest of analogues and it is considered that such scheme can be achieved only with the help of strong knowledge base of the company’s personnel, effective training programs, professional skills of senior managers and attractive motivational factors. The study provides extensive demonstration on how relevant management of human resources correlates with company’s financial results. The main purpose of

Questions # 9 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Questions # 9 - Essay Example e burden of explaining of showing that she receives relatively lower pay than a male co-employee, for undertaking work substantially equivalent in skill, effort and responsibility under the prevailing identical working circumstances (Johnson & Everhart, 2011). This comparison ought to be made factor by factor with an existing opposite comparator. Therefore, the formation of the prima facie case under the Equal Pay Act fundamentally hinges on the underlying selection of a proper comparator (Twomey, 2010). For instance in this case, John would be a proper comparator to Jena under the Equal Pay Act. This is because Jena was employed in order to handle complex accounting problems which required similar skills and responsibilities. Moreover, Jevan had more responsibilities than John (Johnson & Everhart, 2011). Under these prevailing facts, the court will definitely observe that Jena meet her burden of depicting that she undertook work substantially equivalent in skill, effort and responsibility under the working conditions similar to the John’s. Indeed, Jena undertook more than that she and John are paid different salaries. Therefore, she can put forth an adequate prima facie case under the Equal Pay Act. The outcome of the case falls firmly in the Fourth Circuit’s mainly established jurisprudence with regard to Equal Pay Act (Snell & Bohlander, 2013). In such cases Fourth Circuit is analyzed an Equal Pay Act claim within the higher education context. The court has affirmed either a grant of summary judgment or corresponding dismissal of the action based on the plaintiff’s failure to establish a prima facie (Twomey, 2010). Similarly, in cases where the prevailing plaintiff has identified a specific comparator, but the comparison clearly is an unsuitable one thus the Fourth Circuit must immediately uphold the summary of the judgment. In case Jena fails to establish a prima facie claim under the Act then it would be cumbersome for a plaintiff in an Equal Pay Act

Declining Fish Stock Essay Example for Free

Declining Fish Stock Essay The Problem: Seeing the video on Declining Fish Stock VLR, expose the challenges between fishermen and environmental concerns. This video shows how fishing fleets have depleted the oceans of almost 90% of its big fish; therefore, claiming the ocean is not as resilient as it once was. The majority of the largest fish have already been pulled from the oceans, leaving only 10% of its remaining fish for Commercial fishermen to make a living. Most fishing fleets today are two to three times larger than they need to be to catch large fish and other seafood. Because of commercial fishing many fish are not able to reproduce fast enough to maintain their species. A manageable and sustainable plan will need to be implemented to avert these fish from completely disappearing from the oceans. The plan will need to be a partnership between fishermen, communities, governments, and environmentalists. Overfishing has considerably exhausted certain species in the ocean and they are now extinct. To think we can continue to hunt fish, with no major regulations or limits to feed billions of people is extreme. Since biodiversity do continue to decline, the aquatic surroundings will not be able to maintain our human consumption for seafood. This situation can still be reversible by working together with some basic ground rules. Because of the current conditions and the magnitude of the problem, replenishing the ocean may take a decade or perhaps even centuries to restore. In spite of everything there is a way we can have a healthy and productive oceans again. However, we do need to act now before the big fish are too far depleted to make a comeback. Action Plan: for environmentalists Forristall (2008) a study authored by scientists from the University of California at Santa Barbara and the University of Hawaii and published in the journal Science last month shows â€Å"catch share management systems† can reverse declining fish stocks. Catch share management systems allow fishermen to own quotas of the total allowable catch so they have a direct financial stake in the fishery. The shares can be sold and bought between fishermen, and as the fishery recovers, shares grow in value. Order of Action As a community it is imperative to stay informed. Knowledge is powerful and through education we learn that overfishing cannot continue. â€Å" Fish account for approximately one fifth of all animal protein in the human diet, and around one billion people rely on fish as their primary protein source†(2005). A global problem is a community problem, and it is important for people to realize as they consume these species and they are being depleted. There are several things that can be done to alert the public: Study journals, such as the Good Fish guides for more information; spread the word by speaking to friends and explain why eating certain fish is not a good idea; discuss the overfishing problem and suggest a quota for fishermen; do not hesitate to let elected officials know that there is a concern; and be motivated enough to write a letter to the editor of local newspapers in order to get a wide audience of concerned people. An illustration of another way to carry on the supply of fish for human enjoyment is Aquaculture or fish farms. These farms help in producing offspring’s for the depleted fish before they become extinct. Since the farming of ocean, freshwater plants, and animals for human consumption produces wastes that pollutes marine life and harm the ocean water the farms would to best away from the coastline. Aquaculture or fish farms permit the request for certain fish to be available while allowing the identical fish to replenish in the ocean. It would be good if we could change our thought pattern on fishing and compare fish farming with reduced sea fishing quotas and secluded aquatic life areas because most of our oceans are not protected. The reality is, through aquaculture we could replenish the oceans. Action Steps: Identify and research the results of overfishing. Check journals and different Web sites. Document all information on Aquaculture. In the next 1-3 months develop a presentation of why overfishing is so important and the program that will be needed to be in place. Within four months there will be a schedule for an appearance with one of the leaders in the community. Community awareness is essential to convince government why a program would be needed to replenish the fish. Overfishing is a subject that is documented by commercial fisherman, scientists, environmentalists, and governments. Worldwide we all want to sustain fish species at maintainable levels. Being able to come to an agreement with a manageable and sustainable plan is imperative to avoid further destruction to the ocean or its living creatures. This plan presents solutions that benefit the declining fish stock, commercial fisherman, the community, and environmentalist, and will not be a significant blow to the fishermen’s income, or government resource.

Willa Cather Describes Erotics of Place in her Novel, A Lost Lady Essay

Willa Cather Describes Erotics of Place in her Novel, A Lost Lady To discover an erotics of place in Willa Cather's A Lost Lady, takes little preparation. One begins by simply allowing Sweet Water marsh to seep into one's consciousness through Cather's exquisite prose. Two paragraphs from the middle of the novel beckon us to follow Neil Herbert, now 20 years old, into the marsh that lies on the Forrester property. This passage, rich in pastoral beauty, embraces the heart of the novel-appearing not only at the novel's center point but enfolding ideas central to the novel's theme: An impulse of affection and guardianship drew Niel up the poplar-bordered road in the early light [. . .] and on to the marsh. The sky was burning with the soft pink and silver of a cloudless summer dawn. The heavy, bowed grasses splashed him to the knees. All over the marsh, snow-on-the-mountain, globed with dew, made cool sheets of silver, and the swamp milk-weed spread its flat, raspberry-coloured clusters. There was an almost religious purity about the fresh morning air, the tender sky, the grass and flowers with the sheen of early dew upon them. There was in all living things something limpid and joyous-like the wet morning call of the birds, flying up through the unstained atmosphere. Out of the saffron east a thin, yellow, wine-like sunshine began to gild the fragrant meadows and the glistening tops of the grove. Neil wondered why he did not often come over like this, to see the day before men and their activities had spoiled it, while the morning star was still unsullied, lik e a gift handed down from the heroic ages. Under the bluffs that overhung the marsh he came upon thickets of wild roses, with flaming buds, just beginning to open.... ...arsh. A final glimpse of marsh turned wheat field comes in the fourth chapter of the novel's Part Two. Heavy rains have come to the Sweet Water valley, lifting the river over its banks and swelling the creeks. Cather reports that "the stubble of Ivy Peters' wheat fields lay under water," (121) raising the hope that Peters' intrusion upon the land is merely temporary, that given respite from human meddling, the marsh will reassert itself. I admit that this is my hope more than it is Cather's. But even if this is so, it is Cather who arouses the desire that invites me to hope. Works Cited Cather, Willa. A Lost Lady. Ed. Susan J. Rosowski with Kari Ronning, Charles W. Mignon and Frederick M. Link. The Willa Cather Scholarly Edition. Lincoln: U of Nebraska P, 1997. Williams, Terry Tempest. An Unspoken Hunger: Stories from the Field. New York: Vintage, 1994.

Business Organization

I started my Lawn Mowing Service as a sole proprietorship. I bought the lawn mover, edge trimmer, gasoline, and rake. I mowed neighbor’s yards. I got all the profits. If I did a bad job, or could not mow because of weather, I took a loss. I was very successful and made a lot of money and had 100 yards to tend every month. But I got tired of mowing 100 yards a month and working between 10 and 12 hour days. I needed help. I asked my parents if they would help and I would pay them half of what I made on each yard they mowed. They said: â€Å"No, we want the full amount for each yard mowed. The only way that they would be able to get the full amount is to produce their own yard service tools. If I had to provide them, I did not want to lose money for my material. We agreed to a deal that everything would be 50/50. This is when we formed a partnership. We agreed to 50/50 as they would take half the work and produce half the equipment needed. Even though it was my idea and business , 50/50 is better than no help at all and they are footing half the expenses. With this help, my business was growing faster and we were making money like crazy.With our business growing, other members of the family wanted in on the action. However, none of them wanted to actually work directly on the business as they had other jobs and did not want to work out in the heat. So, we formed a limited liability company. Each of them put up an investment, and we purchased more lawn service tools and trucks so we could easily move large mowers around town. The investment was also used to advertise the business. With having more customers now, we hired professional people what would do a great job of mowing yards and would be friendly with our customers.With having more customers, all the investors were paid back their investment and were now making a profit. At this point we were ready to expand our business to include tree service as well as landscaping. We wanted to expand so we could g et contracts with the county, city, and state to mow the grass along the highways, interstates, and county roads. To expand our business, we needed a loan. We went to the bank, but they bank said: â€Å"No. Your business is too small and you do not have any assets to cover the loan. So, we decided to form a joint-stock company and made the stockholders liable for debts. In other words, we used their houses and or vehicles as collateral. When we went back to the bank they said: â€Å"Yes, a loan is no problem. If you don't make good on the loan we'll use the collateral to repay the debt. † With the money we were ready to expand. At the last minute we decided to buy a piece of property and open up our own nursery. This now allowed our customers to come and pick out plants that they would like to see in their landscaping instead of us taking them to a competitor to purchase plants.